Standard Treatment Options include combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy as in Stage I, followed by surgical removal of the remaining disease at the primary site. This may involve either a local excision or an abdominal-perineal resection with colostomy . Removal of superficial and deep inguinal lymph nodes for residual tumor on one or both sides can be done in a separate operation.
Another option is an abdominal-perineal resection of the primary tumor as the initial treatment, with delayed removal of superficial and deep inguinal nodes.
Five-Year Survival 10 percept
Stage IV
TNM Any T, any N, M1
The cancer has spread to the tail bone (sacrum), to distant lymph nodes within the abdomen far from the original cancer site or to other organs in the body such as the vagina, urethra, bladder, liver and/or lung.
Standard Treatment There is no standard treatment for patients with metastatic anal carcinoma . Relieving the symptoms produced by the primary cancer is the major consideration.
Palliation Treatment options include palliative surgery, palliative radiation and palliative combined chemotherapy and radiation.
